英语五大基本句型
英语句子有长有短，有繁有简，从现象看，似乎千变万化，难以捉摸，但从实质看，可发现其内部联系，找出其共同规律。英语句子的基本结构可以归纳出五种基本句型，基本句型经过扩大，组合，省略或倒装，构成各种长短不一、难度不一的句子。掌握这五大基本句型，就是掌握了英语构句的基本。
英语五种基本句型如下： 句型一：主+谓 （S+V）
句型二：主+谓+宾 （S+V+O）
句型三：主+系+表 （S+link-V+P）
句型四：主+谓+间宾+直宾 (S+V+IO+O)
句型五：主+谓+宾+宾补 （S+V+O+C）
基本句型一：主+谓
此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词能表达完整的意思，这类动词称作不及物动词。 但后可跟副词，时间或地点状语，介词短语等等。
The sun rises in the east.
The poor boy cried for his mum sadly.
We have worked in the factory for more than 20 years. The cat died when we found it.
基本句型二：主+谓+宾
此句型的句子也有一个共同特点，它们的谓语动词是一个典型的及物动词。
及物动词本身不能表达完整的句意，后面必须跟宾语。英语中多数实义动词都是及物的。
Who eat the red apple?
The children enjoy reading. I want to leave right now.
We all love her because of her kindness.
基本句型三：主+系+表
系动词属于及物动词的一种，但系动词后的成分称作表语，而不再是宾语。 常见的系动词可分为以下四类：表示状态的 be 动词属于一类；
look, seem, sound 感官系动词等属于一类，表示情况； get, become, grow, turn，fall 等属于一类，表示变化； keep，stay 等属于另一类，表示维持。
It is the English-Chinese dictionary we like. Our dinner smells good.
The weather gets colder and colder.
Leaves in the trees turn yellow in the autumn. The crews in the plane kept calm.
基本句型四：主+谓+间宾+直宾
此句型的谓语动词首先是一个及物动词，但这类及物动词很特殊。
其后面必须同时跟两个宾语才会意思完整。常见的有 give, cook, tell, buy, order 等等。
She cooked us lunch yesterday.
The eye-witness told us what happened just now. Our boss ordered rose for his girlfriend.
My bestie bought me cake for my birthday.
基本句型五：主+谓+宾+补
此句型的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的句意，必须加上一个补足成分来补足宾语成分，才能使句意完整。
The reading boy found the cat die in the grass in the morning.
We saw the great hall full of students and teachers listening to an important report. They want him to leave right now.
